In dit thema wordt besproken hoe de JGZ professional ouders en jeugdigen kan begeleiden indien er sprake is van een afwijkende lengtegroei. Bij een verwijzing voor afwijkende lengtegroei dan wel bij een vastgestelde oorzaak met eventueel behandeling voor afwijkende lengtegroei, kan de JGZ de ouders en het kind op verschillende manieren begeleiden.
3.1 Begeleiding door de JGZ bij een afwijkende lengtegroei
JGZ-richtlijn Lengtegroei
Let op: deze richtlijn is momenteel in herziening.
Dit betekent niet dat de inhoud van deze richtlijn incorrect is. Tot de herziening blijft de richtlijn leidend voor de praktijk. Wel bestaat er een kans dat een deel van de informatie verouderd is.
Heb je feedback over deze JGZ-richtlijn? Vul dan het feedback formulier in op de introductie pagina van de richtlijn.
Richtlijn inhoudsopgave
1 Definitie en achtergrond informatie Ga naar pagina over 1 Definitie en achtergrond informatie
2 Signaleren, diagnostiek en verwijzen Ga naar pagina over 2 Signaleren, diagnostiek en verwijzen
3 Begeleiden en behandelen Ga naar pagina over 3 Begeleiden en behandelen
4 Samenwerken Ga naar pagina over 4 Samenwerken
5 Totstandkoming Ga naar pagina over 5 Totstandkoming
6 Verantwoording Ga naar pagina over 6 Verantwoording
1 Definitie en achtergrond informatie Ga naar pagina over 1 Definitie en achtergrond informatie
2 Signaleren, diagnostiek en verwijzen Ga naar pagina over 2 Signaleren, diagnostiek en verwijzen
3 Begeleiden en behandelen Ga naar pagina over 3 Begeleiden en behandelen
4 Samenwerken Ga naar pagina over 4 Samenwerken
5 Totstandkoming Ga naar pagina over 5 Totstandkoming
6 Verantwoording Ga naar pagina over 6 Verantwoording
Beslisschema kleine lengte of trage groei
Introductiefilmpje richtlijn Lengtegroei
PP-presentatie voor scholing Lengtegroei
Randvoorwaardelijke implicaties richtlijn Lengtegroei
Rapportage praktijktest richtlijn Lengtegroei
BDS-registratie-protocol richtlijn Lengtegroei
Beslisschema grote lengte of snelle groei
Beslisschema’s grote en kleine lengte gecombineerd
JGZ-richtlijn Lengtegroei – Bijlage 2 oorzaken afwijkende lengtegroei
JGZ-richtlijn Lengtegroei – Bijlage 4 Grade rapport
JGZ-richtlijn Lengtegroei – Bijlage 3 Meten lengte en gewicht
JGZ-richtlijn Lengtegroei – Bijlage 1 formules lengtegroei
[1] Albuquerque EVA, Scalco RC, Jorge AAL. MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Diagnostic and therapeutic approach of tall stature. European journal of endocrinology 2017;176(6):R339-R353
http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/EJE-16-1054 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28274950[2] Allanson JE, Cunniff C, Hoyme HE, McGaughran J, Muenke M, Neri G. Elements of morphology: standard terminology for the head and face. American journal of medical genetics. Part A 2009;149A(1):6-28
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.32612 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19125436[3] Breukels MA, de Vroede MAMJ. [When is a tall child too tall?]. Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde 2005;149(19):1021-4
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15909388[4] Cole TJ, Donaldson MDC, Ben-Shlomo Y. SITAR--a useful instrument for growth curve analysis. International journal of epidemiology 2010;39(6):1558-66
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyq115 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20647267[5] Cole TJ, Pan H, Butler GE. A mixed effects model to estimate timing and intensity of pubertal growth from height and secondary sexual characteristics. Annals of human biology 2014;41(1):76-83
http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03014460.2013.856472 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24313626[6] Davies JH, Cheetham T. Investigation and management of tall stature. Archives of disease in childhood 2014;99(8):772-7
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2013-304830 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24833789[7] De Onis M.. Reliability of anthropometric measurements in the WHO Multicentre Growth Reference Study. Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992). Supplement 2006;450():38-46
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16817677[8] de Wilde JA, van Dommelen P, van Buuren S, Middelkoop BJC. Height of South Asian children in the Netherlands aged 0-20 years: secular trends and comparisons with current Asian Indian, Dutch and WHO references. Annals of human biology 2015;42(1):38-44
http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03014460.2014.926988 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24963814[9] Drop SL, De Waal WJ, De Muinck Keizer-Schrama SM. Sex steroid treatment of constitutionally tall stature. Endocrine reviews 1998;19(5):540-58
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9793756[10] Engelberts AC, Koerts B, Waelkens JJ, Wit JM, Burger BJ. [Measuring the length of newborn infants]. Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde 2005;149(12):632-6
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15813430[11] Erling A. Why do some children of short stature develop psychologically well while others have problems? European journal of endocrinology 2004;151 Suppl 1():S35-9
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15339242[12] Fayter D, Nixon J, Hartley S, Rithalia A, Butler G, Rudolf M, Glasziou P, Bland M, Stirk L, Westwood M. Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of height-screening programmes during the primary school years: a systematic review. Archives of disease in childhood 2008;93(4):278-84
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17475693[13] Fredriks AM, Van Buuren S, Sing RAH, Wit JM, Verloove-Vanhorick SP. Alarming prevalences of overweight and obesity for children of Turkish, Moroccan and Dutch origin in The Netherlands according to international standards. Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) 2005;94(4):496-8
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16092466[14] Fredriks AM, van Buuren S, Jeurissen SER, Dekker FW, Verloove-Vanhorick SP, Wit JM. Height, weight, body mass index and pubertal development reference values for children of Turkish origin in the Netherlands. European journal of pediatrics 2003;162(11):788-93
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12942320[15] Fredriks AM, van Buuren S, Burgmeijer RJ, Meulmeester JF, Beuker RJ, Brugman E, Roede MJ, Verloove-Vanhorick SP, Wit JM. Continuing positive secular growth change in The Netherlands 1955-1997. Pediatric research 2000;47(3):316-23
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10709729[16] Garner P, Panpanich R, Logan S. Is routine growth monitoring effective? A systematic review of trials. Archives of disease in childhood 2000;82(3):197-201
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10685919[17] Grote FK, Oostdijk W, De Muinck Keizer-Schrama SMPF, Dekker FW, van Dommelen P, van Buuren S, Lodder-van der Kooij AM, Verkerk PH, Wit JM. Referral patterns of children with poor growth in primary health care. BMC public health 2007;7():77
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17493282[18] Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Vist GE, Kunz R, Falck-Ytter Y, Alonso-Coello P, Schünemann HJ, . GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations. BMJ (Clinical research ed.) 2008;336(7650):924-6
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.39489.470347.AD https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18436948[19] Hannema SE, Sävendahl L. The Evaluation and Management of Tall Stature. Hormone research in paediatrics 2016;85(5):347-52
http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000443685 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26845047[20] Hermanussen M, Cole J. The calculation of target height reconsidered. Hormone research 2003;59(4):180-3
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12649571[21] Johnson W, Cameron N, Dickson P, Emsley S, Raynor P, Seymour C, Wright J. The reliability of routine anthropometric data collected by health workers: a cross-sectional study. International journal of nursing studies 2009;46(3):310-6
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2008.10.003 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19019368[22] Karlberg J, Kwan C-W, Gelander L, Albertsson-Wikland K. Pubertal growth assessment. Hormone research 2003;60(Suppl 1):27-35
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12955015[23] Mul D, Fredriks AM, van Buuren S, Oostdijk W, Verloove-Vanhorick SP, Wit JM. Pubertal development in The Netherlands 1965-1997. Pediatric research 2001;50(4):479-86
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11568291[24] Mumm R, Scheffler C, Hermanussen M. Developing differential height, weight and body mass index references for girls that reflect the impact of the menarche. Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) 2014;103(7):e312-6
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/apa.12625 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24606168[25] Rifas-Shiman SL, Rich-Edwards JW, Scanlon KS, Kleinman KP, Gillman MW. Misdiagnosis of overweight and underweight children younger than 2 years of age due to length measurement bias. MedGenMed : Medscape general medicine 2005;7(4):56
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16614678[26] Rivkees SA, Bode HH, Crawford JD. Long-term growth in juvenile acquired hypothyroidism: the failure to achieve normal adult stature. The New England journal of medicine 1988;318(10):599-602
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3344006[27] Sankilampi U, Saari A, Laine T, Miettinen PJ, Dunkel L. Use of electronic health records for automated screening of growth disorders in primary care. JAMA 2013;310(10):1071-2
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2013.218793 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24026604[28] Scherdel P, Dunkel L, van Dommelen P, Goulet O, Salaün J-F, Brauner R, Heude B, Chalumeau M. Growth monitoring as an early detection tool: a systematic review. The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology 2016;4(5):447-56
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(15)00392-7 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26777129[29] Schönbeck Y, Talma H, van Dommelen P, Bakker B, Buitendijk SE, HiraSing RA, van Buuren S. The world's tallest nation has stopped growing taller: the height of Dutch children from 1955 to 2009. Pediatric research 2013;73(3):371-7
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/pr.2012.189 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23222908[30] Schönbeck Y, van Dommelen P, HiraSing RA, van Buuren S. Trend in height of Turkish and Moroccan children living in the Netherlands. PloS one 2015;10(5):e0124686
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0124686 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25938671[31] Stalman SE, Hellinga I, Wit JM, Hennekam RCM, Kamp GA, Plötz FB. Growth failure in adolescents: etiology, the role of pubertal timing and most useful criteria for diagnostic workup. Journal of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism : JPEM 2016;29(4):465-73
http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jpem-2015-0267 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26812776[32] Stalman SE, Pons A, Wit JM, Kamp GA, Plötz FB. Diagnostic Work-up and Follow-up in Children with Tall Stature: A Simplified Algorithm for Clinical Practice. Journal of clinical research in pediatric endocrinology 2015;7(4):260-7
http://dx.doi.org/10.4274/jcrpe.2220 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26777036[33] Talma H, Schönbeck Y, van Dommelen P, Bakker B, van Buuren S, Hirasing RA. Trends in menarcheal age between 1955 and 2009 in the Netherlands. PloS one 2013;8(4):e60056
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0060056 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23579990[34] Theunissen NCM, Kamp GA, Koopman HM, Zwinderman KAH, Vogels T, Wit J-M. Quality of life and self-esteem in children treated for idiopathic short stature. The Journal of pediatrics 2002;140(5):507-15
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12032514[35] van Buuren S, Bonnemaijer-Kerckhoffs DJA, Grote FK, Wit JM, Verkerk PH. Many referrals under Dutch short stature guidelines. Archives of disease in childhood 2004;89(4):351-2
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15033845[36] van Dommelen P, Schönbeck Y, van Buuren S. A simple calculation of the target height. Archives of disease in childhood 2012;97(2):182
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2011-301095 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22182783[37] van Dommelen P, van Buuren S. Methods to obtain referral criteria in growth monitoring. Statistical methods in medical research 2014;23(4):369-89
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0962280212473301 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23376959[38] Vegelin AL, Brukx LJCE, Waelkens JJ, Van den Broeck J. Influence of knowledge, training and experience of observers on the reliability of anthropometric measurements in children. Annals of human biology 2003;30(1):65-79
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12519655[39] Visser R, Kant SG, Wit JM, Breuning MH. Overgrowth syndromes:from classical to new. Pediatric endocrinology reviews : PER 2009;6(3):375-94
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19396024[40] Visser-van Balen H, Geenen R, Moerbeek M, Stroop R, Kamp GA, Huisman J, Wit JM, Sinnema G. Psychosocial functioning of adolescents with idiopathic short stature or persistent short stature born small for gestational age during three years of combined growth hormone and gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist treatment. Hormone research 2005;64(2):77-87
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16113582[41] Visser-van Balen H, Geenen R, Kamp GA, Huisman J, Wit JM, Sinnema G. Long-term psychosocial consequences of hormone treatment for short stature. Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) 2007;96(5):715-9
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17381474[42] Voss LD, Sandberg DE. The psychological burden of short stature: evidence against. European journal of endocrinology 2004;151 Suppl 1():S29-33
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15339241[43] Zimowski M, Moye J, Dugoni B, Heim Viox M, Cohen H, Winfrey K. Home-based anthropometric, blood pressure and pulse measurements in young children by trained data collectors in the National Children's Study. Public health nutrition 2017;20(2):200-209
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1368980016002378 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27629790[44] Bakker-van Waarde W.M., Verrijn Stuart A.A., Wit J.M., Noordam C., Rotteveel J., Schroor E.J.. Grote lengte. 2010
[45] Knelpuntanalyses jeugdgezondheidszorg. 2015
[46] Coene E.H., Kollaard S.. Groeistoornissen. 2013
[47] Cousounis PA, Lipman TH, Ginsburg K, Cucchiara AJ, Grimberg A. How Short is Too Short According to Parents of Primary Care Patients. Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists 2014;20(11):1113-21
http://dx.doi.org/10.4158/EP14052.OR https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24936551[48] de Waal W., Hendriks E., Drop S.. Evaluatie en behandeling van lange gestalte. Praktische Pediatrie 2009;3 ():201
[49] Delemarre-van der Waal H.A., Bocca G., Cohen-Kettenis P.T., Haasnoot K., Hack W., W.M., Rotteveel J.. Praktische kindergeneeskunde: Kinderendocrinologie. 2006
[50] Eekhof J.A.H, Knuistingh Neven A, Opstelten W.. Kleine kwalen bij kinderen. Maarsen: Elsevier Gezondheidszorg 2009
[51] Grimberg A, Cousounis P, Cucchiara AJ, Lipman TH, Ginsburg KR. Parental Concerns Influencing Decisions to Seek Medical Care for a Child's Short Stature. Hormone research in paediatrics 2015;84(5):338-48
http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000440804 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26448482[52] Hendriks A.E., Laven J.S.E., Boellaard W.P.A, De Jong F.H., Boot A.M., Drop S.L.S.. Fertility after high-dose sex hormones treatment to reduce final height. Nederlands Tijdschrift Voor Geneeskunde 2012;156(14)():
[53] Heymans H.S.A., Derksen-Lubsen G., Draaisma J.M.T, van Goudoever J.B., Nieuwenhuis E.E.S.. Leerboek kindergeneeskunde. 2015
[54] Kamphuis M., Obenhuijsen N.H., van Dommelen P., van Buuren S., Verkerk P.H., Jeugdgezondheidszorg. Jgz-richtlijn: Signalering van en verwijscriteria bij kleine lichaamslengte [guideline for preventive child health care: 'Detection and referral criteria in short stature']. Nederlands Tijdschrift Voor Geneeskunde 2010;154(18)():
[55] Wit J.M., Ranke M.B., Kelnar C.J.H.. Short stature. Hormone Research in Paediatrics, Hormone Research in Paediatrics 2007;68(Suppl. 2)():1
http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1159/000112053[56] Kliegman S., Geme S.S.. Nelson texbook of pediatrics Philadelphia: Elsevier 2015;2():
[57] Noordam C., Rotteveel J., Schroor E.J.. Werkboek kinderendocrinologie. Amsterdam: VU Uitgeverij. 2010
[58] Oostdijk W., Wit J.M.. De plaats van groeicurven in de diagnostiek. P.J.E. Binderls (Ed.) Kindergeneeskunde 2013
[59] Papadimitriou A, Nicolaidou P, Fretzayas A, Chrousos GP. Clinical review: Constitutional advancement of growth, a.k.a. early growth acceleration, predicts early puberty and childhood obesity. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2010;95(10):4535-41
http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2010-0895 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20610589[60] Grote en lengte 2016
https://issuu.com/radboudumc/docs/7304-grote_lengte-i?e=28355229/46081263[61] Scherdel P, Hjelm N, Salaün J-F, , Heude B, Chalumeau M. Survey highlights important discrepancies between definitions of paediatric abnormal growth taught to medical students in 23 European countries. Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) 2018;107(7):1218-1222
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/apa.14266 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29421846[62] Stalman SE, Hellinga I, van Dommelen P, Hennekam RCM, Saari A, Sankilampi U, Dunkel L, Wit JM, Kamp GA, Plötz FB. Application of the Dutch, Finnish and British Screening Guidelines in a Cohort of Children with Growth Failure. Hormone research in paediatrics 2015;84(6):376-82
http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000440652 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26448202[63] Talma H., Schönbeck Y., Bakker B., HiraSing R.A., van Buuren S.. Handleiding bij het meten en wegen van kinderen en het invullen van groeidiagrammen. Leiden: TNO Kwaliteit van Leven 2010
[64] van Zoonen R., Vlasblom E., Beltman M.. Verslag praktijktest JGZ-richtlijn lengtegroei. Leiden: TNO.
[65] Argumentenfabriek. Knelpuntenanalyses jeugdgezondheidszorg. 2015
[66] Grote FK, van Dommelen P, Oostdijk W, de Muinck Keizer-Schrama SMPF, Verkerk PH, Wit JM, van Buuren S. Developing evidence-based guidelines for referral for short stature. Archives of disease in childhood 2008;93(3):212-7
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17908714[67] Bakker-van Waarde W.M., Verrijn Stuart A.A., Wit J.M.. Kleine lengte Werkboek kinderendocrinologie. Amsterdam: VU Uitgeverij.[VE(2] 2010
[68] Boersma B, Houwen RHJ, Blum WF, van Doorn J, Wit JM. Catch-up growth and endocrine changes in childhood celiac disease. Endocrine changes during catch-up growth. Hormone research 2002;58 Suppl 1():57-65
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12373016[69] Bonafe L, Cormier-Daire V, Hall C, Lachman R, Mortier G, Mundlos S, Nishimura G, Sangiorgi L, Savarirayan R, Sillence D, Spranger J, Superti-Furga A, Warman M, Unger S. Nosology and classification of genetic skeletal disorders: 2015 revision. American journal of medical genetics. Part A 2015;167A(12):2869-92
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.37365 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26394607[70] Brioude F, Lacoste A, Netchine I, Vazquez M-P, Auber F, Audry G, Gauthier-Villars M, Brugieres L, Gicquel C, Le Bouc Y, Rossignol S. Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome: growth pattern and tumor risk according to molecular mechanism, and guidelines for tumor surveillance. Hormone research in paediatrics 2013;80(6):457-65
http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000355544 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24335096[71] Bryant J, Baxter L, Cave CB, Milne R. Recombinant growth hormone for idiopathic short stature in children and adolescents. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews 2007
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17636758[72] Carrel AL, Myers SE, Whitman BY, Eickhoff J, Allen DB. Long-term growth hormone therapy changes the natural history of body composition and motor function in children with prader-willi syndrome. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2010;95(3):1131-6
http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2009-1389 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20061431[73] Clayton PE, Cianfarani S, Czernichow P, Johannsson G, Rapaport R, Rogol A. Management of the child born small for gestational age through to adulthood: a consensus statement of the International Societies of Pediatric Endocrinology and the Growth Hormone Research Society. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2007;92(3):804-10
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17200164[74] Cohen P, Rogol AD, Deal CL, Saenger P, Reiter EO, Ross JL, Chernausek SD, Savage MO, Wit JM, . Consensus statement on the diagnosis and treatment of children with idiopathic short stature: a summary of the Growth Hormone Research Society, the Lawson Wilkins Pediatric Endocrine Society, and the European Society for Paediatric Endocrinology Workshop. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2008;93(11):4210-7
http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2008-0509 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18782877[75] Csizmadia CG, Mearin ML, von Blomberg BM, Brand R, Verloove-Vanhorick SP. An iceberg of childhood coeliac disease in the Netherlands. Lancet (London, England) 1999;353(9155):813-4
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10459972[76] van Dommelen P, Grote FK, Oostdijk W, Keizer-Schrama SMPFDM, Boersma B, Damen GM, Csizmadia CG, Verkerk PH, Wit JM, van Buuren S. Screening rules for growth to detect celiac disease: a case-control simulation study. BMC pediatrics 2008;8():35
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2431-8-35 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18786241[77] Cassidy SB, Schwartz S, Miller JL, Driscoll DJ. Prader-Willi syndrome. Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics 2012;14(1):10-26
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/gim.0b013e31822bead0 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22237428[78] Festen DAM, Wevers M, Lindgren AC, Böhm B, Otten BJ, Wit JM, Duivenvoorden HJ, Hokken-Koelega ACS. Mental and motor development before and during growth hormone treatment in infants and toddlers with Prader-Willi syndrome. Clinical endocrinology 2008;68(6):919-25
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18031326[79] Festen DAM, Wevers M, de Weerd AW, van den Bossche RAS, Duivenvoorden HJ, Otten BJ, Wit JM, Hokken-Koelega ACS. Psychomotor development in infants with Prader-Willi syndrome and associations with sleep-related breathing disorders. Pediatric research 2007;62(2):221-4
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17597659[80] Van Gameren-Oosterom HBM, Van Dommelen P, Oudesluys-Murphy AM, Buitendijk SE, Van Buuren S, Van Wouwe JP. Healthy growth in children with Down syndrome. PloS one 2012;7(2):e31079
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0031079 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22363551[81] Garber KB, Visootsak J, Warren ST. Fragile X syndrome. European journal of human genetics : EJHG 2008;16(6):666-72
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ejhg.2008.61 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18398441[82] Hokken-Koelega AC, De Ridder MA, Lemmen RJ, Den Hartog H, De Muinck Keizer-Schrama SM, Drop SL. Children born small for gestational age: do they catch up? Pediatric research 1995;38(2):267-71
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7478827[83] Iams HD. Diagnosis and management of Marfan syndrome. Current sports medicine reports 2010;9(2):93-8
http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/JSR.0b013e3181d4066c https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20220350[84] Kamphuis M, Obenhuijsen NH, van Dommelen P, van Buuren S, Verkerk PH, . [Guideline for preventive child health care: 'Detection and referral criteria in short stature']. Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde 2010;154(18):A2366
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21429263[85] Karlberg J, Albertsson-Wikland K. Growth in full-term small-for-gestational-age infants: from birth to final height. Pediatric research 1995;38(5):733-9
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8552442[86] Loeys BL, Dietz HC, Braverman AC, Callewaert BL, De Backer J, Devereux RB, Hilhorst-Hofstee Y, Jondeau G, Faivre L, Milewicz DM, Pyeritz RE, Sponseller PD, Wordsworth P, De Paepe AM. The revised Ghent nosology for the Marfan syndrome. Journal of medical genetics 2010;47(7):476-85
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jmg.2009.072785 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20591885[87] Van Pareren Y, Mulder P, Houdijk M, Jansen M, Reeser M, Hokken-Koelega A. Adult height after long-term, continuous growth hormone (GH) treatment in short children born small for gestational age: results of a randomized, double-blind, dose-response GH trial. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2003;88(8):3584-90
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12915640[88] Partsch CJ, Sippell WG. Pathogenesis and epidemiology of precocious puberty. Effects of exogenous oestrogens. Human reproduction update 2001;7(3):292-302
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11392376[89] Pena-Almazan S, Buchlis J, Miller S, Shine B, MacGillivray M. Linear growth characteristics of congenitally GH-deficient infants from birth to one year of age. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2001;86(12):5691-4
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11739421[90] Rongen-Westerlaken C, Corel L, van den Broeck J, Massa G, Karlberg J, Albertsson-Wikland K, Naeraa RW, Wit JM. Reference values for height, height velocity and weight in Turner's syndrome. Swedish Study Group for GH treatment. Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) 1997;86(9):937-42
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9343271[91] van Rijn JCW, Grote FK, Oostdijk W, Wit JM. Short stature and the probability of coeliac disease, in the absence of gastrointestinal symptoms. Archives of disease in childhood 2004;89(9):882-3
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15321874[92] Shaw AC, Kalidas K, Crosby AH, Jeffery S, Patton MA. The natural history of Noonan syndrome: a long-term follow-up study. Archives of disease in childhood 2007;92(2):128-32
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16990350[93] Wikström AM, Dunkel L. Klinefelter syndrome. Best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism 2011;25(2):239-50
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.beem.2010.09.006 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21397196[94] Wit JM, Oostdijk W, Losekoot M, van Duyvenvoorde HA, Ruivenkamp CAL, Kant SG. MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Novel genetic causes of short stature. European journal of endocrinology 2016;174(4):R145-73
http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/EJE-15-0937 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26578640[95] Kist-van Holthe J.E., Bulk-Bunschoten AMW, Wensing-Souren CL, Vlieg-Boerstra BJ, Kneepkens CMF, Kuijpers T., de Kroon M.L.A., Sprikkelman A.B., Kalidien S., Hirasing R.A.. JGZ-richtlijn Voedselovergevoeligheid. JGZ Tijdschrift voor jeugdgezondheidszorg 2014;46():36
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12452-014-0012-4[96] van Bunderen C.C., van Nieuwpoort C.I., Arwert L.I., Heymans M.W., Franken A.A.M., Koppeschaar H.P.F., van de Lelij A.J., Drent M.L.. Effect van groeihormoonbehandeling op sterfte bij volwassenen met ernstige groeihormoondeficiëntie. Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Geneeskunde 2012;156():A4288
https://www.ntvg.nl/artikelen/effect-van-groeihormoonbehandeling-op-sterfte-bij-volwassenen-met-ernstige[97] de Graaf G., Vis J.C., Haveman M, van Hove G., de Graaf E.A.B., Tijssen J.G.P., Mulder B.J.M. Assessment of Prevalence of Persons with Down Syndrome: A Theory-based Demographic Model JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2011;24():247
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-3148.2010.00593.x[98] Grote F.K.. Assessment of short stature in children : auxological screening and diagnostic work-up 2007
https://scholarlypublications.universiteitleiden.nl/handle/1887/11971[99] Hendriks A.E.J., Laven J.S.E., Boellaard W.P.A, de Jong F.H., Boot A.M., Drop S.L.S.. Vruchtbaarheid na behandeling met hoge doses geslachtshormonen ter groeiremming. Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Geneeskunde 2012;156(A3982):
https://www.ntvg.nl/artikelen/vruchtbaarheid-na-behandeling-met-hoge-doses-geslachtshormonen-ter-groeiremming[100] Heymans H.S.A., Derksen-Lubsen G, Draaisma J.M.T., van Goudoever J.B., Nieuwenhuis E.E.S.. Leerboek kindergeneeskunde 2015
[101] Kant S.G., Walenkamp M-J. Genetische oorzaken van kleine lengte Tijdschrift voor Kindergeneeskunde 2014;82 (1)():26
https://mijn.bsl.nl/genetische-oorzaken-van-kleine-lengte/609706[102] Kliegman S., Geme S.S.. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics 2015;2():
[103] van Lieshout J., Felix-Schollaart B., Bolsius E.J.M., Boer A.M., Bouma M., Sijbom M.. NHG-Standaard Schildklieraandoeningen (tweede herziening). Huisarts en Wetenschap 2013;56(7):320
https://www.henw.org/artikelen/nhg-standaard-schildklieraandoeningen-tweede-herziening[104] Noordam C., Rotteveel J., Schroor E.J.. Werkboek kinderendocrinologie Nederlandse Vereniging voor Kindergeneeskunde. 2010
[105] Tatton-Brown K., Cole T.R., Rahman N.. Sotos syndroom GeneReviews (®). 2015
[106] Voorhoeve P.G., Oostdijk W.. Hoofdstuk 4 Puberteitsontwikkeling Sectie Kinderendocrinologie van de Nederlandse Vereniging voor Kindergeneeskunde 2010;39():
[107] Wagenaar-Fischer M.M., Heerdink-Obenhuijsen N., Kamphuis M., de Wilde J.. JGZ-richtlijn Secundaire preventie kindermishandeling 2010