Om op een gestructureerde manier bewijs te verzamelen zijn de uitgangsvragen waarvoor bewijs uit de literatuur moet worden verzameld omgevormd tot PICO uitgangsvragen. Hierbij wordt achtereenvolgens het volgende expliciet gemaakt: P = problem, I = intervention, C = comparison, O = outcome. De volgende PICO-uitgangsvragen zijn gehanteerd als basis voor het literatuuronderzoek:
PICO 1: Instrumenten
P: kinderen uit algemene populatie met Westerse achtergrond van 0-18 jaar (child, child preschool, infant, adolescent, newborn, toddler)
I: (signalerings-)instrumenten (BMI (body mass index), bioeletrical impedance analysis, MUAC (mid-upper arm circumference), waist circumference, weight-for-height, weight-for-age, waist-hip-ratio, waist-to-height ratio, skin folds, length/height-for-age, growth chart, growth diagram, growth standard, STRONGkids)
C: –
O: afwijkend gewicht /ondervoeding /vetvrije massa /vetpercentage /vetverdeling /quality of life (weight loss, underweight, thinness, undernutrition, malnutrition, stunting, wasting, fat free mass, (body) fat percentage, (body) fat distribution)
PICO 2: Alarmsignalen
P: kinderen uit algemene populatie met Westerse achtergrond van 0-18 jaar child, child preschool, infant, adolescent, newborn, toddler)
I: stilstaande lengtegroei (stunting/delayed growth), stilstaande ontwikkeling (delayed (psychomotoric) development), hartfrequentie (low pulse), temperatuur (low body temperature), hypotensie (hypotension), terminale ondervoeding en/of uitputting/spierzwakte (muscle weakness), hypoglycemie (hypoglycemia)
C: –
O: afwijkend gewicht /ondervoeding /vetvrije massa /vetpercentage /vetverdeling /quality of life (weight loss, underweight, thinness, undernutrition, malnutrition, stunting, wasting, fat free mass, (body) fat percentage, (body) fat distribution)
PICO 3: Advisering
P: kinderen uit algemene populatie met Westerse achtergrond van 0-18 jaar (child, child preschool, infant, adolescent, newborn, toddler)
I: prevention and (intervention or advice)
C: –
O: afwijkend gewicht /ondervoeding /vetvrije massa /vetpercentage /vetverdeling /quality of life
(weight loss, underweight, thinness, undernutrition, malnutrition, stunting, wasting, fat free mass, (body) fat percentage, (body) fat distribution)
Op basis van de PICO’s werden systematische zoekacties in relevante database zoals de Cochrane Library, Pubmed, Psycinfo en Scopus uitgevoerd (Tabel 7.1). Bij elke uitgangsvraag hoort een aparte zoekstrategie. Deze zijn kort beschreven per uitgangsvraag. Naast de literatuur uit de systematische zoekacties zijn er bij een aantal vragen ook publicaties meegenomen uit de archieven van de werkgroep leden, mits deze publicaties aan de inclusiecriteria voldeden.
Tabel 7.1 Gehanteerde zoekstrategiën en uitkomsten
| Onderwerp | Gehanteerde zoekstrategieën | Aantal artikelen | Geselecteerd |
| Instrumenten | (Child[MeSH Terms]) OR child, preschool[MeSH Terms]) OR Infant[MeSH Terms]) OR adolescent[MeSH Terms]) OR Newborn[Ti/Ab]) OR toddler[Ti/Ab]) OR Infant*[Ti/Ab]) OR child*[Ti/Ab]) OR adolescent*[Ti/Ab]) OR infant, newborn[MeSH Terms] OR youth*[Ti/Ab] OR Teenager*[Ti/Ab]) AND body mass index[MeSH Terms] OR “bioelectrical impedance analysis”[Ti/Ab] OR MUAC[Ti/Ab] OR “mid-upper arm circumference”[Ti/Ab] OR “waist circumference”[Ti/Ab] OR “weight-for-height”[Ti/Ab] OR “weight for height”[Ti/Ab] OR “weight-for-age”[Ti/Ab] OR “weight for age”[Ti/Ab] OR “waist-hip-ratio”[Ti/Ab] OR “waist hip ratio”[Ti/Ab] OR waist-hip ratio[MeSH Terms] OR waist-height ratio[MeSH Terms] OR “waist-to-height-ratio”[Ti/Ab] OR “waist to height ratio”[Ti/Ab] OR “skin fold*”[Ti/Ab] OR “length-for-age”[Ti/Ab] OR “length for age”[Ti/Ab]) OR “height-for-age”[Ti/Ab] OR “height for age”[Ti/Ab] OR “growth chart*”[Ti/Ab] OR “growth diagram*”[Ti/Ab] OR “growth standard*”[Ti/Ab] OR Strongkid*[Ti/Ab]) OR BMI[Ti/Ab] AND thinness[MeSH Terms] OR malnutrition[MeSH Terms] OR body fat distribution[MeSH Terms] OR “body fat distribution”[Ti/Ab] OR malnutrition[Ti/Ab] OR thinness[Ti/Ab] OR “weight loss”[Ti/Ab] OR underweight[Ti/Ab] OR undernutrition[Ti/Ab] OR stunting[Ti/Ab] OR wasting[Ti/Ab] OR “fat free mass”[Ti/Ab] OR “body fat percentage*”[Ti/Ab] OR “fat percentage*”[Ti/Ab] OR “fat distribution”[Ti/Ab] OR undernourishment[Ti/Ab] Filters activated: Publication date from 2007/01/01 to 2017/12/31, English, Dutch, Humans. Review; Meta-Analysis, Systematic Reviews |
440 (103 uit Cochrane, 337 uit de andere databases | 29 artikelen |
| Alarmsignalen | Child[MeSH Terms]) OR child, preschool[MeSH Terms]) OR Infant[MeSH Terms]) OR adolescent[MeSH Terms]) OR Newborn[Ti/Ab]) OR toddler[Ti/Ab]) OR Infant*[Ti/Ab]) OR child*[Ti/Ab]) OR adolescent*[Ti/Ab]) OR infant, newborn[MeSH Terms] OR youth*[Ti/Ab] OR Teenager*[Ti/Ab] AND hypotension[MeSH Terms] OR hypoglycemia[MeSH Terms] OR muscle weakness[MeSH Terms] OR hypotension[Ti/Ab] OR hypotensie[Ti/Ab] OR hypoglycemie[Ti/Ab] OR hypoglycemia[Ti/Ab] OR “muscle weakness*”[Ti/Ab] OR “stunting growth”[Ti/Ab] OR “delayed growth”[Ti/Ab] OR “low pulse”[Ti/Ab] OR “low body temperature”[Ti/Ab] OR “psychomotoric development”[Ti/Ab] OR development[Ti/Ab] AND thinness[MeSH Terms] OR malnutrition[MeSH Terms] OR body fat distribution[MeSH Terms] OR “body fat distribution”[Ti/Ab] OR malnutrition[Ti/Ab] OR thinness[Ti/Ab] OR “weight loss”[Ti/Ab] OR underweight[Ti/Ab] OR undernutrition[Ti/Ab] OR stunting[Ti/Ab] OR wasting[Ti/Ab] OR “fat free mass”[Ti/Ab] OR “body fat percentage*”[Ti/Ab] OR “fat percentage*”[Ti/Ab] OR “fat distribution”[Ti/Ab] OR undernourishment[Ti/Ab] Filters activated: Publication date from 2007/01/01 to 2017/12/31, English, Dutch, Humans. Review; Meta-Analysis, Systematic Reviews |
184 artikelen uit Cochrane 660 uit andere databases |
18 artikelen |
| Advisering | Child[MeSH Terms]) OR child, preschool[MeSH Terms]) OR Infant[MeSH Terms]) OR adolescent[MeSH Terms]) OR Newborn[Ti/Ab]) OR toddler[Ti/Ab]) OR Infant*[Ti/Ab]) OR child*[Ti/Ab]) OR adolescent*[Ti/Ab]) OR infant, newborn[MeSH Terms] OR youth*[Ti/Ab] OR Teenager*[Ti/Ab] AND intervention[Ti/Ab] OR advice[Ti/Ab] AND prevention [Ti/Ab] AND thinness[MeSH Terms] OR malnutrition[MeSH Terms] OR body fat distribution[MeSH Terms] OR “body fat distribution”[Ti/Ab] OR malnutrition[Ti/Ab] OR thinness[Ti/Ab] OR “weight loss”[Ti/Ab] OR underweight[Ti/Ab] OR undernutrition[Ti/Ab] OR stunting[Ti/Ab] OR wasting[Ti/Ab] OR “fat free mass”[Ti/Ab] OR “body fat percentage*”[Ti/Ab] OR “fat percentage*”[Ti/Ab] OR “fat distribution”[Ti/Ab] OR undernourishment[Ti/Ab] Filters activated: Publication date from 2007/01/01 to 2017/12/31, English, Dutch, Humans. Review; Meta-Analysis, Systematic Reviews |
55 artikelen uit Cochrane 193 gewone artikelen 64 reviews |
0 artikelen |